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The Role of Digitalization in Improving Tax Administration in Nigeria: A Case Study of the Integrated Tax Administration System (ITAS)

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Background of the Study

Tax administration plays a critical role in revenue generation and economic sustainability. In Nigeria, inefficiencies in traditional tax systems have historically contributed to low compliance, revenue leakages, and high administrative costs (Adebayo & Okoro, 2023). Digitalization is a transformative approach that promises to address these issues by enhancing transparency, efficiency, and accessibility in tax administration.

The Integrated Tax Administration System (ITAS) was introduced by the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) to modernize Nigeria’s tax administration. ITAS integrates automated processes for tax registration, filing, and payment, reducing manual interventions that often lead to delays and errors. Since its implementation, ITAS has been credited with increasing revenue collection, broadening the tax base, and reducing compliance costs for taxpayers (Eze & Mohammed, 2024).

However, challenges such as technical inefficiencies, limited taxpayer awareness, and resistance to change remain barriers to its optimal effectiveness. This study investigates the role of ITAS in improving tax administration in Nigeria, focusing on its achievements and challenges.

Statement of the Problem

Despite the introduction of ITAS, Nigeria’s tax administration continues to face issues such as low compliance rates, revenue leakages, and limited taxpayer engagement. While ITAS has the potential to transform the tax system, its impact has been constrained by challenges like infrastructure deficits, digital illiteracy, and inconsistent policy implementation (Adamu & Bello, 2023).

Existing literature often highlights the benefits of digital tax systems but provides limited empirical evidence on their effectiveness in Nigeria. This study addresses this gap by evaluating how ITAS has improved tax administration and identifying areas for further improvement.

Objectives of the Study

  1. To assess the impact of ITAS on tax compliance and revenue collection in Nigeria.
  2. To identify challenges affecting the effectiveness of ITAS in tax administration.
  3. To recommend strategies for enhancing the performance of ITAS.

Research Questions

  1. What is the impact of ITAS on tax compliance and revenue collection in Nigeria?
  2. What challenges affect the effectiveness of ITAS in tax administration?
  3. What strategies can improve the performance of ITAS?

Research Hypotheses

  1. H₀: ITAS has no significant impact on tax compliance and revenue collection in Nigeria.
  2. H₀: Challenges in ITAS implementation do not significantly affect its effectiveness.
  3. H₀: Strategies to improve ITAS will not significantly enhance its performance.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study focuses on the role of ITAS in tax administration in Nigeria, with specific emphasis on its operations between 2023 and 2025. Limitations include access to proprietary ITAS data and the reliance on secondary data for analysis.

Definitions of Terms

  • Digitalization: The use of digital technologies to transform processes, including tax administration.
  • Integrated Tax Administration System (ITAS): A digital platform implemented by FIRS to streamline tax processes in Nigeria.
  • Tax Administration: The processes involved in assessing, collecting, and managing taxes.




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